Metal Sheet Bending machine or Press Brake Machine is the workpiece according to the demand for pressing into different shapes, the thin plate bending machine, is the sheet metal industry workpiece bending important equipment. Bending machine by the table part, the slide part, the back of the material part, and the cylinder part of the composition. Below we will introduce, in detail, the name and purpose of each part of the bending machine.
1. Electron-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine front structure
1.1 Oil cylinder
A hydraulic cylinder is hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, to the linear reciprocating motion of the hydraulic actuator. The structure is relatively simple, and the work is very reliable. A cylinder basically consists of cylinder and cylinder head, piston, piston rod, sealing device, buffer device and exhaust device. Its input is the fluid flow and pressure, the output is the linear motion speed and force, which is fixed in the bending machine on both sides, driving the slide to do up and down reciprocating motion.
1.2 Slider
Slider is in the mold opening work, can be perpendicular to the opening and closing direction, or with the opening and closing direction to form a certain angle of sliding mold components, drive the upper die relative to the lower die reciprocating linear motion, to achieve the bending sheet, the formation of a certain bending angle (or arc). The movement of the slider is divided into four processes: boot back to zero, fast drive, work stroke, slider return, and oil cylinder, mechanical block, fine-tuning structure composed of the slider part of the piston (rod) driven up and down movement through the hydraulic pressure, mechanical block by the CNC system control to adjust the value.
1.3 Quick clamp
Quick clamp is a bending machine on the mold fast clamping fixtures, clamped in the bending machine on the slider, for rapid clamping fixed and disassembly of the upper mold. Quick clamps include fixture base and front pressure plate device, you can adjust the mold to make its force uniform, to prevent damage to the slider, but also stable to ensure the accuracy of the workpiece processing.
1.4 Front bracket
The front bracket is a device used to support the plate to be bent, which can be adjusted up and down, and can be moved automatically with a guide rail. The front pallet is safer and more stable than manual pallets, ensuring better bending results.
1.5 Worktable
The worktable is one of the three major components of the bending machine (left and right cylinders, workbench, slider), consisting of the base and pressure plate, manipulated by the button box, so that the motor drives the blocking frame back and forth, and by the CNC system to control the distance moved. The choice of worktable needs to be considered, under the premise of meeting the processing task, try to choose the shorter size of the worktable
1.6 Suspension arm
The arm is used to hang or support small control box, can be all-round turnover, its load-bearing capacity is very strong, the suspension arm structure is strong and stable, more than the use of high-quality aluminum alloy molding production.
1.7 Operation control panel
Operation control panel installed bending machine CNC system, equivalent to the brain of the bending machine, input operation by the text, numbers, symbols, graphics composed of processing instructions numerical value, control of the bending machine to execute the processing program. It can store a variety of different programs, with interface circuits and servo drives.
1.8 Die
Die is used for plate stamping forming and separation of the mold, under the action of bending machine pressure, so that the processed parts become the size of the production tool with a specified shape. Molds are generally divided into the upper and lower molds, intermediate plates, rails, lower mold seat, pads. The installation and dismantling of the mold must follow the safe use of the norms, the selection of the machine and the mold need to follow the processing parameters to ensure that the two match each other.
1.9 Electric cabinet
The electrical box is the bending machine’s electrical wiring, measuring instruments, switches, and related equipment enclosed in a metal cabinet, forming a small low-voltage distribution box. The electrical box is generally installed on the side of the bending machine, is small size, simple operation, and high safety factor.
1.10 Crowing System
Deflection compensation(Crowning System) is to ensure the accuracy of machined parts, the deflection deformation of the slider to compensate. The functions of deflection compensation are: angle compensation, length compensation and clearance error compensation. Compensation methods are hydraulic compensation and mechanical compensation. Mechanical compensation has more compensation points, which can make the bending effect reach the expected effect, and the relative stability of use is more durable.
1.11 Foot pedal
The foot pedal is one of the four main bodies of the bending machine operation (people, equipment, system, foot pedal), which integrates the emergency stop, cycle, single remote control function. The foot pedal can freely control the blocking finger to move left and right, open and close the machine, integrated machine tools and other controls. At the same time it can be retrofitted with WIFI module to realize networking, gapless monitoring and management of the whole area and simple management
2. Electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine behind the structure
2.1 Motor
Servo motor is the engine that controls the transportation of mechanical components in the servo system , is a subsidized motor indirect variable speed device. It can control the speed, positional accuracy is very precise, can be converted into voltage signal torque and speed to drive the control object. Servo motor is characterized by: small electromechanical time constant, high linearity.
2.2 Blocking finger
The blocking finger is the front and rear blocking material to change the displacement, play the processed parts to show the size of the parts. Block finger can move smoothly on the linear guide, can also be adjusted up and down, convenient, efficient and easy to control. Bending machine generally have more than one stop finger, according to the actual demand for the number of configurations, it is a point of contact, can avoid the problem of insufficient straightness of the sheet metal, can be realized in different lengths of sheet metal parts bending.
2.3 Backgauge
The back gauge is a crucial component of a press brake, controlling and adjusting the position and length of the workpiece during bending. Located at the rear, it precisely positions the workpiece before bending. Driven by various motors, it moves on multiple axes, with the ball screw and timing belt ensuring synchronized movement. The CNC controller manages the back gauge, allowing it to move on six axes: the R-axis (up and down), X-axis (forward and backward), and Z-axis (left and right). During bending, the workpiece is placed on the die and pushed against the stop fingers connected to the back gauge. This setup limits the movement of the workpiece, ensuring accurate bending. The back gauge can be adjusted using a motor, servo motor, or cylinder, and the operator sets its position and length through the press brake’s control system to meet different bending requirements.
Conclusion
If you’re new to press brakes, this article will provide you with essential knowledge about them.
WEIYA offers a variety of press brakes, including CNC press brakes, NC press brakes, large press brakes, and robot bending cells. Our machines have bending tonnage capacities ranging from 30 tons to 3000 tons and feature controllers from brands like ESTUN, DELEM, CYBELEC, and ESA.
Feel free to browse our product range to find the perfect machine for your needs, or consult our sales team for detailed information and assistance.
