Rolling machine is a continuous point of bending, metal sheet bending molding machine tools, can be rolled into cylindrical, conical and other different shapes, which are widely used in the metal processing industry, this paper aims to roll the working principle of the machine, the structure, classification of the introduction of the operation process, such as a brief introduction to the rolling machine.
Working Principle of Plate Rolling Machine
The rotating rollers acting through hydraulic pressure, mechanical force and other external forces exert continuous pressure on the metal sheet to plasticize it according to a predetermined bending angle or radius. The operator places the sheet between the rollers and sets the desired bending parameters through the control system, after which the rotation of the rollers and the pressure action gradually bends the sheet into the desired shape. This process can be controlled manually or automatically by a CNC system to achieve high precision and efficiency in sheet metal processing.
Structure of plate rolling machine:
1. Base: as the supporting part of the plate rolling machine, the base is usually made of strong steel to provide sufficient stability and rigidity.
2. Roller : The core part of the plate rolling machine, it includes two or more rollers, which may be fixed or adjustable, for applying pressure to the plates and realizing bending.
3. Upper Roller: In some plate rolling machines, the upper rollers are vertically movable to accommodate different plate thicknesses and desired bending radii.
4. Lower Roller: Usually a fixed or limited adjustable roll that supports the sheet and bends it in conjunction with the upper roll.
5. Side Roller: In some specially designed plate rolling machines, side rollers may be included to assist in the bending of the sheet, especially when bending narrower or thicker sheets.
6. Control System: Includes an operator panel and a numerical control system for setting and controlling bending parameters such as bending angle, speed and pressure.
7. Drive System: components such as electric motors and speed reducers, which provide power for the rotation of the rolls.
8. Hydraulic System: In a hydraulic plate rolling machine, the hydraulic system is used to control the movement and pressure of the rolls for precise bending control.
9. Safety Devices: such as emergency stop buttons, guards, etc., to ensure safety during operation.
10. Auxiliary Devices: such as feeding device, picking device, measuring device, etc., to improve the convenience and efficiency of operation.
11. Lubrication System: It is used to lubricate each moving part of the plate rolling machine to reduce friction and wear.
12. Electrical System: including cables, terminals, relays, etc., responsible for the power supply and control of the machine.
Introduction to the classification of plate rolling machine
Because of the use of different areas also leads to the types of plate rolling machine is also different, from the number of rolls can be divided into three-roller plate rolling machine and four-roller plate rolling machine, from the development point of view, the upper roll universal type is the most backward, the level of the downward adjustable type is slightly more advanced, the arc downward adjustable type of the most advanced.
And three-roller plate rolling machine can be divided into symmetrical three-roller plate rolling machine, horizontal downward adjustable plate rolling machine, arc downward adjustable plate rolling machine, on the roll universal three-roller plate rolling machine and hydraulic CNC plate rolling machine.
Symmetrical and asymmetrical plate rolling machine
Three-roller symmetrical plate rolling machine: the upper roller in the two lower rollers in the center of the symmetrical position for vertical lifting and lowering movement, through the silk rod mother worm gear transmission and obtained, the two lower rollers to make rotary movement, through the output gear of the speed reducer and with the lower rollers gear mesh, to provide torque for the rolled sheet.
Three-roller asymmetric plate rolling machine: the upper roller is the main drive, the lower roller vertical lifting movement, in order to clamp the plate, and through the lower roller gear and the upper roller gear meshing, at the same time, as the main drive; side rollers for the inclined lifting movement, with the double function of pre-bending and roll round.
Hydraulic and mechanical plate rollers
Transmission mode:
Hydraulic plate rolling machine：using hydraulic system for transmission, the upper roller through the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic oil acting on the piston for vertical lifting and lowering movement, the lower roller through the speed reducer output gear meshing for rotary drive.
Mechanical plate rolling machine： usually use mechanical transmission, such as gears, rack and pinion, worm gear, etc., the upper roller lifting and lower roller rotation is usually realized by the motor through the mechanical transmission system.
Control mode:
Hydraulic plate rolling machine：through the control of the hydraulic system to realize the process of rolling pressure and speed adjustment, the operation is more flexible and convenient.
Mechanical plate rolling machine： through the mechanical structure and control system to realize the regulation of the rolling process, the control is relatively simple.
Footprint:
Hydraulic plate rolling machine： because the hydraulic mailbox and other components need to occupy a certain space, the volume is usually larger than the mechanical rolling machine volume
Mechanical plate rolling machine： structure is relatively simple, occupies a relatively small space.
Application scope:
Hydraulic plate rollring machine：are widely used in large-scale projects such as shipbuilding and heavy machinery manufacturing.
Mechanical plate rollring machine： are suitable for small to medium sized metal fabricators, especially in cost sensitive applications.
Difference between three-roller plate rolling machine and four-roller plate rolling machine
Structural Differences: A three-roll plate rolling machine typically consists of three rolls, including two fixed rolls and a movable upper roll, while a four-roll plate rolling machine consists of four rolls, typically two fixed rolls and two movable upper rolls.
Rolling capacity: The four-roller plate rolling machine can provide greater rolling force and more precise control due to one more upper roller, which is suitable for rolling thicker or harder plates.
Operational flexibility: three-roll plate rolling machine operation is relatively simple, suitable for rolling a larger diameter cylinder; four-roll plate rolling machine can be rolled smaller diameter cylinder, more adaptable.
Applications: Three-roll plate rolling machines are commonly used for small to medium-sized rolls, while four-roll plate rolling machines are suitable for a wider range of industrial applications, including large and precision rolls.
Important safety and operational matters
1. Ensure cleanliness and safety: Ensure that the workplace is spacious, neat and clean, without loose items or chips, and post signs in the hazardous areas, prohibit unauthorized personnel to enter, keep the equipment clean, remove debris and oil on the equipment, so as not to affect the normal operation of the equipment and the safety of the operator.
2.Check the equipment: before using the plate rolling machine, make sure the equipment is in good condition, the accessories are correctly installed and fixed, and check whether the safety devices are complete and effective, regularly check the oil supply of each lubrication point, keep the oil level of the gearbox specified, and check the transmission mechanism and connecting parts to ensure that there is no looseness and no damage.
3.Operation precautions: when operating the plate rolling machine, the staff must wear helmets, protective glasses, protective gloves, dust masks and other personal protective equipment, the operation should remain focused, it is strictly prohibited to be distracted, the hand shall not be placed on the rolled pressure of the steel plate, it is strictly prohibited to have rolled on the cylinder to find the right degree of roundness, it is strictly prohibited to stand on the workpiece, the use of the traveling crane with the work of the rolled plate, it should be strictly abide by the travelling car operation and the safety of the ground operation technology operation regulations, and closely cooperate with.
4. Downtime precautions: adjust the rollers, sheets must stop, take out the sheet has been rolled into the sheet, you must stop and take measures to prevent the fall of the sheet, such as the discovery of the equipment running anomalous ringing, should be immediately shut down to check and adjust the repairs, work is completed cut off the power supply, lock the power supply box, and the rolled board machine for cleaning and lubrication, to maintain the normal operation of the machine and its service life.
